CH.+2+EUROPEAN+EXPLORATION+OF+THE+AMERICAS



Directions: You are to type out the following questions in Microsoft Office Word then answer them using the online textbook. You may use proper grammar, capitalization, and spelling so use Office to check these for you. Make sure that you save the questions on your network drive, and print out a copy for yourself. You may use the online book, the handouts, past quizzes, and the resources from your notebook that you have created. Hint: Use copy and paste to the Microsoft Office Word Document to save time in typing out the questions.

** TERMS & NAMES  **

Briefly explain the significance of each of the following. 1. mercantilism 2. // conquistador // 3. Hernando Cortés 4. Montezuma 5. Spanish Armada 6. New France 7. // encomienda // 8. African Diaspora 9. middle passage 10. Columbian Exchange

** REVIEW QUESTIONS  ** Spain Claims an Empire (pages 51–54)

1. What were three reasons for the European voyages of exploration in the 1400s and 1500s? 2. Who conquered the Aztecs and Incas? 3. What three reasons explain Spain’s success in building an empire in the Americas?

** European Competition in North America **** (pages 55–58) **

4. What was the Northwest Passage? 5. Why did the Spanish Armada attack England? 6. What did the French and Dutch colonists trade?

** The Impact of Colonization (pages 59–63) **

7. How did Spanish rule affect Native Americans? 8. How did the middle passage get its name? 9. Why did the Spanish and Portuguese use slave labor in their colonies? 10. How did the Columbian Exchange affect Europe? ** 1. USING YOUR NOTES  ** Write the following chart in your notes. Be sure to fill out the chart. Using your completed chart, answer the questions below. a. What causes did European competition and exploration have in common? b. How did the establishment of colonies in the Americas lead to slavery? c. Which concept in the chart contributed most to the Columbian Exchange?

** 2. ANALYZING LEADERSHIP  **

Think about the explorers and // conquistadors // discussed in this chapter. What qualities did they possess that made them successful in their efforts?

** 3. THEME:   IMMIGRATION AND MIGRATION  **

What were the causes and effects of the migration of Europeans and Africans to the Americas?

** 4. APPLYING CITIZENSHIP SKILLS  **

What kind of values did Bartolomé de Las Casas demonstrate in his actions? How effective was he in improving his society?

** 5. INTERPRETING PRIMARY SOURCES  **

Bernal Díaz del Castillo was a // conquistador // who accompanied Cortés during the conquest of Mexico. Díaz described what he saw when Cortés and Montezuma met. Read the passage. Then answer the questions. ** Bernal Díaz del Castillo, ** from // The Conquest of New Spain // >>> On our arrival we entered the large court, where the great Montezuma was awaiting our Captain [Cortés]. Taking him by the hand, the prince led him to his apartment in the hall where he was to lodge, which was very richly furnished. . . . Montezuma had ready for him a very rich necklace, made of golden crabs, a marvelous piece of work, which he hung round Cortés’s neck. His captains were greatly astonished at this sign of honour. a. What can you tell about Montezuma from this passage? b. How would you describe the relationship between Montezuma and Cortés?

** 6. TECHNOLOGY ACTIVITY  **

** Making a Class Presentation ** The Columbian Exchange refers to the movement of plants and animals around the world as a result of exploration. Today, species of plants and animals continue to move across the planet. Using the library or the Internet, find diaries and news articles about the effects of this continued movement of plants and animals.

** For more information on the migration of plants and animals. . . **

Create a class presentation using PowerPoint about the movement of plants and animals around the world, using the suggestions below. • Choose a specific species of plant or animal. Use a map or globe to show where that species has moved in recent years. • Choose one specific place, and list any species that are new to the area as well as their effects on the ecology.